普罗维登斯,R.I. [威尼斯人娱乐场信誉官网] — The risk of firearm death in the U.S. 是在上升:在2020年, firearms became the leading cause of death for children, adolescents and young adults. Yet the risk is far from even — young men in some U.S. 邮政编码 face disproportionately higher risks of firearm-related injuries and deaths.
To better understand the magnitude of the gun violence crisis and put it in perspective, 威尼斯人娱乐场信誉官网和宾夕法尼亚大学的研究人员比较了生活在美国四个主要暴力地区的年轻成年男性与枪支有关的死亡风险.S. cities with the risks of combat death and injury faced by U.S. military personnel who served in Afghanistan and Iraq during active periods of war.
结果喜忧参半: 这项研究, published in JAMA Network Open, 研究发现，来自芝加哥和费城枪支暴力最严重的邮政编码地区的年轻人面临与枪支有关的死亡风险明显高于美国年轻人.S. military personnel deployed to wartime service in Afghanistan and Iraq. 但另外两个城市的情况正好相反:在纽约和洛杉矶，暴力最严重的地区，年轻男性的风险要比两次战争中的地区小得多.
在所有研究过的邮政编码中, risks were overwhelmingly borne by young men from minority racial and ethnic groups, 研究发现.
“这些结果 are an urgent wake-up call for understanding, 认识并应对这一年轻男性群体所面临的风险和随之而来的创伤,布兰登·德尔·波佐说, 威尼斯人娱乐场信誉官网沃伦·阿尔珀特医学院(威尼斯人网上娱乐赌场网站 Medical School)医学(研究)助理教授和卫生服务助理教授, policy and practice (research) at the University’s 公共卫生学院.
Del Pozo conducts research at the intersection of public health, 公共安全和司法, 关注物质使用, 用药过量危机, 和暴力. His recently released book, “The Police and the State: Security, Social Cooperation, and the Public Good,这本书是基于他的学术研究，以及他在纽约市担任警察和伯灵顿警察局局长23年的经历, 佛蒙特州.
“Working as a police officer, I witnessed the toll of gun violence, and how disruptive it was for families and 社区,德尔·波佐说. “It stood out to me that the burden was not distributed evenly by geography or demographic. Some 社区 felt the brunt of gun violence much more acutely than others. By analyzing publicly available data on firearm fatalities in cities and in war, we sought to place that burden in sharp relief.”
同时, 德尔波佐说, 他和其他研究作者是在回应经常重复的威尼斯人娱乐场信誉官网美国城市枪支暴力的煽动性言论.
“威尼斯人娱乐场信誉官网经常听到有关枪支暴力的对立说法，这些说法都有党派之分:一种说法是，大城市是战区，需要严厉打击犯罪, 另一种是，威尼斯人娱乐场信誉官网对谋杀的恐惧被大大夸大了，不需要采取激烈的行动,德尔·波佐说. “We wanted to use data to explore these claims — and it turns out both are wrong. While most city residents are relatively safe from gun violence, the risks are more severe than war for some demographics.”
Illustrating the magnitude of the firearm crisis
来进行分析, the researchers obtained information on all fatal and nonfatal shootings of 18- to 29-year-old men recorded as crimes in 2020 and 2021 in Chicago; Los Angeles; New York; and Philadelphia — the four largest U.S. cities for 哪一个 public data on those who were shot were available. 去纽约, 芝加哥和费城, they used shooting death and injury data sets made public by each city; for Los Angeles, they extracted firearm death and injury data from a larger public data set of recorded crimes. 数据被汇总到邮政编码级别，并与来自美国的相应人口统计特征相关联.S. Census Bureau’s 2019 American Community Survey.
研究人员从同行评议的分析中获得了伊拉克和阿富汗冲突中与战争有关的死亡率和伤病率.S. 2001年至2014年的阿富汗战争和2003年至2009年的伊拉克战争的军事数据, both of 哪一个 were periods of active combat. 因为在阿富汗和伊拉克战争期间，威尼斯人娱乐场信誉官网在不同时间在不同部队服役的风险的数据有限, the researchers considered the mortality and injury data of a single, 在被认为是冲突最激烈时期，在伊拉克战争15个月期间参加战斗的陆军旅战斗队，其战斗伤亡率明显高于平均水平.
